I Iune 2026, ua wela loa ʻo ʻEulopa.
Wahi a Xinhua News Agency, ua manaʻo ʻo Agence France-Presse ma muli o nā wānana o ke aniau a me ka ʻikepili heluna kanaka o ke EU Joint Research Centre, ma Iune 25, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 101 miliona mau kānaka ma ʻEulopa i hōʻike ʻia i nā mahana ma luna o 35°C, me 50 miliona mau kānaka i hoʻopilikia ʻia ma Farani wale nō. Wahi a nā kūlana kuhikuhi o ka World Meteorological Organization, ua wehewehe ʻia kahi nalu wela ʻo ia ka mahana kiʻekiʻe loa o kēlā me kēia lā ma mua o 32°C e mau ana no 3 mau lā a ʻoi aku paha.
Hōʻike ka ʻikepili mai ke Kuhina Mahiʻai Farani e pili ana ka hema o Farani i kaʻōmatoUa ʻeha nā wahi hana i nā pohō a hiki i ka 80%. Ua wehewehe maopopo kahi hōʻike a GuardianTV i ke kūlana e like me "Kuke ʻia nā tōmato ma luna o ke kumu waina".
No ke aha ʻo Farani ka ʻāina i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ma ʻEulopa? Ua piʻi mua ka mahana awelika o ka honua ma kahi o 1.4°C i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā pae ma mua o ka ʻoihana, ʻoiai ua hiki aku ka mahana holoʻokoʻa o ʻEulopa ma kahi o 2.4°C. Ma muli o kona wahi honua a me nā ʻano kaʻapuni lewa, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o Farani i ka hopena o nā au ea mehana loa ma mua o UK a me Kelemania. Ua lilo nā nalu wela nui i mea maʻamau ma Farani, e hiki mua ana a lōʻihi i kēlā me kēia makahiki. I ka makahiki 2003, ua pepehi kahi nalu wela ma Farani i kahi o 14,000 mau kānaka; i ka makahiki 2026, ua lawe ka wela ʻaʻole wale i nā ola kanaka akā i nā mea kanu.
ʻOi aku ka wela nui ma ka hema o Farani ma mua o ka "nele wai" maʻamau. ʻO ka mahana ma luna o 40°C no nā lā he nui e hana pololei ana i nā hua ponoʻī, e alakaʻi ana i ka emi ʻana o ka hua kulina ma kahi o 30%, nā haneli haneli o ka make ʻana o nā manu ma Farani, a me ka emi ʻana o ka hana waiū ma muli o ke kaumaha wela i nā bipi waiū he 30%-40%. Ke "weliweli" nei ka ʻoihana mahiʻai holoʻokoʻa.
Ua hoʻāla pū kēia nalu wela i kahi hoʻopaʻapaʻa politika e pili ana i ka ea hoʻoluʻu ma Farani. Ua hoʻolālā ka ʻaoʻao ʻākau loa i ka ea hoʻoluʻu ma ke ʻano he mea e pono ai ke ola, ʻoiai ua hoʻoikaika ka poʻe mālama honua e hoʻonui ka ea hoʻoluʻu i ka hopena o ka mokupuni wela. ʻO ka ʻoiaʻiʻo, ʻo ka nui o ka komo ʻana o ka ea hoʻoluʻu o Farani ma lalo o 10%, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa ma mua o Sepania a me Italia e pili kokoke ana. I loko o hoʻokahi pule wale nō, ua kūʻai aku ʻo Carrefour ma ka liʻiliʻi he 30,000 mau ea hoʻoluʻu a me nā peʻahi uila, a ua aneane pālua ke kūʻai aku ʻana o Amazon i nā ea hoʻoluʻu a me nā peʻahi uila ma Farani i hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka manawa like i ka pule i hala.
E hoʻi i ka ʻoihana tōmato: pehea ka nui o ka ʻoihana hana tōmato o Farani? Wahi a nā wānana ʻoihana, manaʻo ʻia ka huahana tōmato o Farani i ka makahiki 2026 e hiki i 494,900 tons, me kahi kanu ʻana ma kahi o 2,736 heketa. I ʻApelila, ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o nā kumukūʻai kūloko ma mua o ka pae 2025 a me 41% ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe ma mua o ka awelika 2021-2025. Ua hōʻike pololei ʻia ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka hana ʻana i nā kumukūʻai.
ʻAʻole i kaupalena ʻia nā pilikia o Farani i loko o kona mau palena. Ma ke ʻano he mana mahiʻai nui ma ka EU, ua hoʻonui pololei ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka hana ʻōmato o Farani i ke kaomi hoʻouna ma nā wahi hana nui ʻē aʻe e like me Italia a me Sepania. Ua ʻike mua ʻia nā kumukūʻai no ka ketchup tōmato ma ka mākeke kūʻai ʻEulopa i ke kaomi ʻaoʻao lako, no laila ke hoʻouna ʻia nei nā piʻi kumukūʻai pōkole i nā mea kūʻai honua.
ʻO ka "Heat Dome" o Xinjiang a me ke kānalua ma Inner Mongolia
ʻOiai ʻo ʻEulopa e hakakā nei me ka pilikia o ka ʻōmato, ke huli nei nā maka o nā mea pāʻani ʻoihana ʻōmato honua i ka Hikina. I ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iulai 2026, ua pā ʻia ka Xinjiang Basin ma Kina e kahi hanana ʻino loa "heat dome".
He aha ka dome wela? I nā huaʻōlelo maʻalahi, pili ia i kahi ʻōnaehana mehana paʻa kiʻekiʻe e hana ana ma kahi kiʻekiʻe, e hana ana e like me kahi uhi ipu mānoanoa i hoʻopaʻa piha ʻia ma luna o ka ʻākau o Kina. ʻElua mau ʻano make o kēia "uhi": ʻo ka mua, hoʻopaʻa ia i ka wela o ka honua, e pale ana i ka ea wela mai ka pakele ʻana i ka lewa luna a koi iā ia e hōʻiliʻili kokoke i ka ʻili; ʻo ka lua, pale ia i ka ea anuanu mai waho, e mālama ana i nā makani anuanu i waho a me ka ea wela i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i loko.
Ua hōʻike ʻia nā leka hoʻomaopopo kūhelu mai ka Xinjiang Meteorological Observatory i ka hoʻomaka ʻana o Iulai, ua noho mau ka ʻāina holoʻokoʻa ʻo Turpan ma luna o 40°C no nā lā he nui i ka lālani, me ka mahana kiʻekiʻe loa i ana ʻia he 49°C ma Iulai 3, a ua manaʻo ʻia kekahi mau wahi kūloko e hoʻokokoke aku i 50°C, e uhaʻi ana i ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka meteorological no ka manawa like. Ma Hami, Bayangol a me nā wahi ʻē aʻe, ua ʻoi aku ka mahana o ka ʻili ma mua o 65°C.
ʻO ka mea hopohopo hou aku, ʻaʻole paʻa kēia "uhi". Ke pālahalaha mālie nei ka dome wela i ka hikina. Wahi a ka wānana mai ka China Meteorological Administration ma Iulai 4, ua uhi ke kāʻei wela kiʻekiʻe iā Gansu a me ke komohana o Inner Mongolia, a laila ua hoʻouka i nā ʻāina ʻo North China a me Huanghuai. Ma ka hema o Beijing, Tianjin, waena-hema o Hebei, ʻākau o Henan a me ke komohana o Shandong, ke piʻi nei ka mahana kiʻekiʻe loa i ke ao a hiki i 38°C a i 40°C.
No laila, hiki anei i nā mea kanu tōmato o Xinjiang ke ola i kēia makahiki? Pono mākou e kālailai i kēia mai nā ʻano ʻelua: "nā ʻano kanu" a me "ke aniau honua".
Kanu ʻana ma ke kahua ākea vs. Kanu ʻana ma ka hale kōmaena
Ua ulu ʻia ka 100% o nā tōmato hana o Xinjiang ma nā mahina ʻai ākea. ʻO nā kūlana ākea a me ka ea e pale aku i ka hopena "stuffy roasting" i loko o nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo. ʻO nā wahi i hoʻopilikia nui ʻia ma Farani ʻo ia nā hale ʻōmaʻomaʻo nele i nā lako hoʻomalu kaiapuni holomua, kahi e hiki ai i nā mahana kūloko ke piʻi aʻe ma luna o ka pae waho. Ulu nā tōmato o Xinjiang ma nā mahina ʻai ākea, kahi e hiki ai i ka makani ke puhi.
Ka Hilinaʻi o ka Hoʻoinu ʻana o ka Mauna ʻo Tianshan Snowmelt
Aia ke koko ola o nā tōmato o Xinjiang i ka wai hoʻoheheʻe hau mai nā mauna ʻo Tianshan. ʻOiai ke hoʻonui nei nā mahana kiʻekiʻe i ka mahu, hoʻolalelale pū lākou i ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka hau alpine a me ka hau, kahi e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ai i ka lako wai paʻa. I hui pū ʻia me ka ʻenehana "drip irrigation under plastic film + integrated water and fertilizer management" i kaulana nui ʻia ma Xinjiang, hiki ke hōʻoia pololei ʻia ka lako wai i ka ʻōnaehana aʻa.
Ka Laina Pale Hope Loa: ʻOkoʻa o ka Mahana Ao
Pono ka hana ʻana o ka lycopene i nā mahana kūpono i ka pō. ʻO ka pono kūikawā o Xinjiang aia i kona hiʻohiʻona aniau kaulana: "ke komo ʻana i kahi ʻaʻahu ʻili i ke kakahiaka a me kahi gauze i ke awakea". Inā paha e ʻoi aku ka mahana o ke ao ma mua o 40°C, inā e hāʻule ka mahana o ka pō a ma kahi o 20°C, hiki i nā mea kanu ke loaʻa kahi manawa e hoʻōla ai.
I ka makahiki 2025, ua hōʻea ka wahi kanu o ka hana ʻana i nā tōmato ma Xinjiang i 520,000 mu, me ka hana ʻana o 4.8 miliona tone. ʻO ka nui o ka mīkini hana he 99%, me ka lūlū ʻana a me ka ʻohi ʻana i nā mīkini hana ma mua o 98.5%. Loaʻa iā Xinjiang ma mua o 70 mau ʻoihana hana, e hana ana i kahi ʻōnaehana kaulahao ʻoihana piha e uhi ana i ka hoʻoulu ʻana, ke kanu ʻana, ka hana ʻana a me ke kūʻai aku. Ua hoʻolauna ka hope pelekikena o ka Xinjiang Tomato Industry Association ʻo ka nui o ka wahi kanu tōmato hana aupuni i kēia makahiki he 1.6 miliona mu, nona ka 1.35 miliona mu ma Xinjiang, e helu ana ma mua o 84% o ka huina o ka ʻāina.
Ma Changji Prefecture a me Heshuo County ma Xinjiang, ua hōʻike nā mea mahiʻai "ua kaulike ka ulu ʻana o ka pua ʻōmato a me ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana i nā hua i kēia makahiki", me ka manaʻo o ka hua he 9 tons no ka mu. Ua ʻōlelo pū nā mea mahiʻai ma Shawan City e manaʻo ʻia e ʻohi ʻia nā ʻano ʻōmato waena i ka hoʻomaka o ʻAukake, me ka hua o kahi 9 tons no ka mu.
Ma muli o nā kumu nūhou he nui, ʻo ka wela pōkole i ka hoʻomaka o Iulai he hopena liʻiliʻi koʻikoʻi i ka hōʻemi ʻana o ka hana ʻōmato hana ma Xinjiang. Eia nō naʻe, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana e hoʻolalelale i ka pala ʻana o nā hua, kahi e alakaʻi ai i kahi manawa ʻohi nui loa, e kau ana i ka nui o ke kaomi hana i kēlā me kēia lā ma nā hale hana hana ma hope, e hopena ana i ka laina.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Iulai-10-2026
